Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency that requires immediate attention to avoid serious complications. It occurs when the appendix, a small tube-like structure, becomes inflamed and filled with pus. This article will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis.
Causes
Appendicitis can be caused by:
- ObstructionBy faeces, foreign body or infection.
- InfectionGastrointestinal infections that can inflame the appendix.
Symptoms
Classic symptoms include:
- Abdominal painIt starts around the umbilicus and then moves to the lower right quadrant.
- Nausea and vomitingOften accompanying pain.
- FeverMild to moderate.
- Loss of appetiteCommon in patients.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is made by:
- Physical examinationPalpation of the abdomen for tenderness and pain.
- Blood testsTo detect signs of infection.
- ImagesUltrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan to confirm inflammation of the appendix.
Treatment
The standard treatment is surgery, which can be:
- Open appendectomyTraditional, with an incision in the abdomen.
- Laparoscopic appendectomyLess invasive, with small incisions and faster recovery.
Conclusion
Acute appendicitis is an emergency that requires prompt surgical intervention to avoid serious complications. If you experience symptoms of appendicitis, seek medical attention immediately.