Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small, finger-shaped pouch that projects from the colon on the lower right side of the abdomen. It is a medical emergency that usually requires immediate surgery to remove the appendix. This article explores the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options.
Causes and Symptoms
Causes:
- Obstruction of the Appendix: By faecal matter, foreign body or tumour.
- Infection: Bacterial proliferation within the appendix.
Symptoms:
- Abdominal pain: Sudden pain that starts around the navel and moves to the lower right side of the abdomen.
- Nausea and vomiting: Associated with abdominal pain.
- Fever: Elevation of body temperature.
- Loss of appetite: Decreased appetite.
- Abdominal distention: Feeling of swelling in the abdomen.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis:
- Medical History and Physical Examination: Assessment of symptoms and examination of the abdomen.
- Blood tests: To detect signs of infection.
- Computed Tomography (CT) or Ultrasound: To visualise the inflamed appendix.
Treatment:
- Appendectomy: Surgery to remove the appendix, which can be done laparoscopically or open.
- Antibiotics: To treat any infection present before and after surgery.