Inguinal hernia is one of the most common pathologies in general surgery, affecting millions of people worldwide. This condition occurs when part of the intestine or fatty tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall near the groin. In this article, we will explain the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options for inguinal hernia.
Causes
Inguinal hernias can be caused by a combination of factors, including:
- Congenital muscle weaknessPresent at birth.
- Intense physical exertionLifting heavy objects or excessive strain.
- Chronic cough or constipationIncreases intra-abdominal pressure.
- ObesityIncreases tension in the abdominal wall.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms include:
- Visible lumpIt appears when standing or coughing, and may disappear when lying down.
- Pain or discomfortEspecially when bending over, coughing or lifting.
- Feeling of heavinessIn the groin.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually made by:
- Physical examinationEvaluation of the lump in the groin.
- UltrasoundTo confirm the presence of the hernia.
Treatment
Treatment depends on severity and symptoms, and includes:
- ObservationFor small, asymptomatic hernias.
- SurgeryOpen or laparoscopic, to repair the hernia and strengthen the abdominal wall.