Surgery has undergone major advances over the years, and one of the most significant milestones has been the introduction of the laparoscopic surgery. This minimally invasive approach has not only transformed the field of general and digestive surgery, but has improved the patient experience in countless ways. But what makes this technique so revolutionary, and why are more and more surgeons and patients opting for laparoscopy?
What is laparoscopic surgery?
Laparoscopic surgery, also known as keyhole surgery, allows surgeons to perform operations through small incisions of 0.5 to 1.5 cm, through which a tiny camera (laparoscope) and specialised surgical tools are inserted. The camera projects images onto a screen, providing the surgeon with a detailed, real-time view of the inside of the body. This eliminates the need for large incisions, which has traditionally been a feature of open surgery.
Benefits for patients
The benefits of laparoscopic surgery for patients are manifold:
- Reduced postoperative painBy avoiding large incisions, there is considerably less pain after surgery.
- Minimal scarringThe small incisions leave almost imperceptible scars, which is an important aesthetic factor for many patients.
- Faster recoveryPatients are usually able to get up and walk within hours after the operation, and in many cases, can return to their daily activities within a matter of days.
- Reduced risk of infectionAs a minimally invasive procedure, the risk of postoperative infections is significantly reduced compared to open surgery.
What types of surgery can be performed laparoscopically?
Laparoscopic surgery has been especially beneficial in the digestive field, allowing procedures such as:
- CholecystectomyGallbladder removal, often due to painful gallstones.
- AppendectomyRemoval of the inflamed appendix in cases of appendicitis.
- Hernia surgeryInguinal and umbilical hernia repair with shorter recovery time.
- Colorectal surgeriesFor the treatment of diseases of the colon, such as colon cancer or inflammatory bowel diseases.
Is it for all patients?
Although laparoscopic surgery is suitable for most patients, there are some cases where open surgery is still the best option. Patients with internal adhesions, extensive previous scarring or complications during the operation may require a more traditional approach.
How has laparoscopy evolved?
The evolution of laparoscopic surgery has been remarkable, from the earliest procedures to advanced techniques such as the robotic surgeryin which the surgeon controls robotic instruments to perform even more precise operations. This type of innovation will continue to drive the future of surgery, offering patients less invasive and safer options.