Pilonidal disease is a condition in which a cyst or abscess forms in the natal fold (near the coccyx), often due to a build-up of hair and dead skin cells. It is most common in young men. This article explores the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options.
Causes and Symptoms
Causes:
- Chronic Irritation: Due to friction and pressure in the sacral region.
- Infection: Ingress of bacteria through skin pores.
- Genetic predisposition: Family history of pilonidal disease.
Symptoms:
- Pain and Swelling: In the natal fold region.
- Secretion: Outpouring of pus or blood from the cyst.
- Fever: In cases of severe infection.
- Sensitivity: Pain when sitting or performing certain activities.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis:
- Medical History and Physical Examination: Assessment of symptoms and affected area.
- Ultrasound: To visualise the cyst or abscess and plan treatment.
Treatment:
- Antibiotics: To treat bacterial infection.
- Abscess Drainage: Procedure to remove accumulated pus.
- Surgery: To remove the cyst and prevent recurrences, including techniques such as marsupialisation or primary closure.
- Wound Care: Keep the wound clean and dry post-treatment.